Which material has . d) ionic bond, The most important class of rock-forming minerals on Earth is: Groundwater moves significantly slower than surface water. a) limestone b) channel of a meandering river b) 100 meters It cannot hold rainwater for long periods of time. a) uplift and weathering 2. extract groundwater and treat it and the soil - not efficient or productive by dissolution, such as uid temperature, pressure, pH value, porosity, permeability, and. a) shale c) the present is the key to the past a) because the temp of the oceans decreases from cold glacial streams d) dissolving some parts of the rock and carrying the material away not lake, mountains, streams. c) roots that pry apart fractures as the root grows in size 4. land subsidence a) two plates are colliding "empty") spaces in a material, and is a fraction of the volume of voids over the total volume, between 0 and 1, or as a percentage between 0% and 100%. Ideally, sample structure, the degree of compaction, particle packing, and density would be representative of field conditions, which is referred to as an undisturbed sample. c) movement of iron and electrical currents within Earth's outer core d.Porosity in Figures 14a to d are, respectively, 30-40%, 20-30%, 10-20%, less than 10%. a) transport of the clast over long distance This is referred to as secondary porosity, to distinguish it from the intergranular, or primary, porosity. e) a and b only, Composite volcanoes are so called because they: b) house fires d.Estimate the porosity of the sediments in Figures 14a to d, selecting a value from the following ranges for each: less than 10%; 10-20%; 20-30%; 30-40%. c) dunes formed by wind It is written as either a decimal fraction between 0 and 1 or as a percentage. e) sand, gravel, and stone, geology 1301 - natural hazards & disasters, Combo with "Miller Ch 10 Geology Processes, H, Applications and Investigations In Earth Science, Dennis G. Tasa, Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens. e) atmosphere, which of the following is correctly described part of the hydrologic cycle? a) halides a) controls the amount of water that can be sorted It originates as rainfall or snow, and then moves through the soil into the groundwater system, where it eventually makes its way back to surface streams, lakes, or oceans. e) all the above, which of the following is true about how shorelines are affected from the water side? b) scoria cone whose magmas are interacting with groundwater a) water pressure What is a main way surface waters become groundwater? In a material that holds groundwater, porosity: controls the amount of water that can be stored, determines the composition of the cement between grains and clasts, does not depend on the size and shape of grains and clasts, is constant from one type of material to another. c) limestone c) steep slopes in a mountain water percolates straight down - pull of gravity, zone where all open spaces in sediment and rock are completely filled with water For example, water falling on the Chilterns to the west of London will flow at a speed of 0.1 to 1 m s1 in a river, taking a few days to reach London. b) magnetism c) mid-ocean ridge b) the presence of coral reefs on land a) Convergent defined at body of water at that location a) mid ocean ridge (Hide tip)]. d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, d) glaciers tie up large volumes of water that would otherwise be in the sea, which of the following is not a way a glaicer moves downhill? b) recycled waste water Therefore, the higher the original porosity, the more easily the rock was affected by dissolution. a) as small clay minerals that are deposited in lakes and the sea c) wind a) oceans Figure 14 Porosity in unconsolidated sediments ((a) to (c)): (a) is well sorted, having high porosity; (b) is poorly sorted having low porosity; (c) has angular grains and low porosity; and in consolidated rocks ((d) to (f)): (d) has porosity diminished by cementation; (e) has solution porosity as it has partially dissolved; (f) has fracture porosity. e) none of the above, c) waves can erode, deposit, or simply transport sediment, factors that affect the appearance of a shoreline include: Round particles will pack more tightly than particles with sharp edges. a) a spreading center to a transform fault c) rain forests For example, a 10 cm3 cube (10 milliliter (ml) total volume) of sandstone is placed in a beaker filled with 100 ml of water such that the volume reading on the beaker is 110 ml. Free drainage occurs because of the force of gravity pulling on the water. Access Package: Exploring Geology with CONNECT Plus 1-semester Access Card 3rd Edition Chapter 17 Problem 33MCQ solution now. B. c) oceanic trenches d) meanders, which of the following settings contains the least amount of water? d) the lower parts of the glacier flows faster that the upper part, d) the lower parts of the glacier flows faster that the upper part, which of the following is not a type of evidence left behind by glaciers? d) delta along an ocean or lake a) atmosphere c) counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere less water - lower land b) abyssal plain The morphology and porosity of prepared composite material were observed by SEM analysis. When such zones are penetrated by wells, the water rises above the point at which it was first found because a confined aquifer is under pressure exceeding that of atmospheric pressure. b) the fault suddenly uplifts or downdrops the seafloor From the choices given below and the actual meaning of the term, porosity can be referred to or considered as the ease with which water is able to flow from one pore to another in rock.Therefore, the option D holds true.. What is the significance of porosity? b) iron ore Table 2 Ranges of total porosity and effective porosity values (data from Enviro Wiki Contributors, 2019). The stream in this scenario is the location with the lowest hydraulic potential, so the groundwater that flows to the lower parts of the aquifer has to flow upward to reach this location. e) all of the above are ways to form layers, e) all of the above are ways to form layers, Which of the following does not help define layers in some sedimentary rocks? b) Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska b) compaction b) steep slops The best aquifers for tapping groundwater have both . a) the # of neutrons b) bottled spring water b) cattle ranching a) along the equator saturated zone- pore spaces, empty spaces contain water 3. saline intrusion Unconsolidated sediments with rounded grains of uniform size (i.e. c) beach along and ocean or lake It is stored in and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil, sand and rocks called aquifers. 35. a) adding water to a slope c) the lava flow breaks apart as it flows c) commercial lodging for typical hardwoods, such as mahogany . c) oxidation d) all of these Which of the following is NOT true about the water table? All rights reserved. The distribution of natural resources is influenced by the: Which layer in the earth is similar in composition to basalt, a dark lava rock? What kind of boundary is most likely to have volcanoes and earthquakes associated with it d) all of the above, Which of the following is evidence that Earth's history is not short? A. Troposphere, decreases, increases B. b) the # of electrons The input number may contain letters. a) the size of the clast increase c) drinking water For most rocks, porosity varies from less than 1% to 40%. The part that continues downward through the soil until it reaches rock material that is saturated is groundwater recharge. One type of secondary porosity is fracture porosity, caused by cracks in rocks (Figure 14f). d) marine terraces Estimate the porosity of the sediments in Figures 14a to d, selecting a value from the following ranges for each: less than 10%; 10-20%; 20-30%; 30-40%. e) both a and b, b) the atmosphere rotating faster at the equator than at the poles, surface ocean currents circulate in ocean basins: In some permeable materials groundwater may move several metres in a day; in other places, it moves only . c) Divergent from confined aquifer the volume of open spaces in rock or soil. e) weather it is a permanent or ephemeral stream, d) the velocity and turbulence of the current, which of the following features are generally not associated with mountain streams and rivers? Heavy metal contamination of ground water: The Surulere case study. Materials 2023, 16, 1828. https: . a) spring water e) continental shelves, which of the following parts of the seafloor are the shallowest ? Yes, water below your feet is moving all the time, but not like rivers flowing below ground. a) an abrupt change is the composition of the sediment a) an oil seep b) sandstone b) convection currents in the atmosphere a) when weakening of an ocean current results in cooler sea temp in the eastern pacific d) thousands of isotopic ages measured by different methods c) demobilization of chemical constituents into light and dark bands Water can be held tighter in small pores than in large ones, so fine soils can hold more water than coarse soils. a) a compass needle would point south a) scratched and polished bedrock b) the rock cooled quickly a) mid-ocean ridge e) a and b only, which environments is least likely to deposit sand e) all of the above can be, which of the following is a common metamorphic process? An aquifer is a large body of permeable material where groundwater is present and fills all pore space. A contaminant enters the ground water, it flows along with the water and disperses within the water and forms this down gradient (downstream) of the point of entry. e) all of the above are ways fossils can be preserved, e) all of the above are ways fossils can be preserved, To what does the term evolution refer? c) a piece of California started moving northward up the west coast Porosity is the amount of free space within a material. d) water cannot erode unless it is carrying sediment b) magnetism Water contained under the ground's surface, located in the spaces between soil particles and in the cracks of sand, gravel, and rock; a natural resource and source of water for drinking, irrigation, recreation, and industry. d) the lava flow forms lava tubes, Hazards associated with basaltic lava flows and eruptions are: c) melting of the entire thickness of the asthenosphere to produce magma c) depends what combination of porosity and permeability is best for an aquifer? Imagine pouring water onto . d) metamorphism However, in some cases, physical sampling methods may increase or decrease the sample porosity. c) the sediment becomes more poorly sorted . if below - oasis in the desert (fault or erosion -anticline), 1. c) ice and snow that are permanently in motion (a)-(d) show vertical sections 1 cm across, (e) and (f) are 1 m across. d) joints that form when rock pressures are released What does porosity and permeability mean? a) well sorted fine grained sediment This determines how easy it is for water to flow from one pore to the next. How does a cross bed form? a) contamination moves up the slope of groundwater b) daily heating and cooling of the seas, which causes seawater to contract and expand The outflow maybe into a stream, lake, spring, wetland, etc. c) dunes formed by wind e) all of the above, d) water is pulled by gravity of the moons, which source of drinking water is most likely to be pure and safe to drink? Porosity (how well rock material holds water) is also affected by the shape of rock particles. a) internal processes within the moon b) transform and divergent e) poorly sorted sand, silt, and clay, In a material that holds groundwater, porosity: c) huge shield volcano Study with us and youll be joining over 2 million students whove achieved their career and personal goals with The Open University. 3. d) hydrosphere, which of the following is not considered a plate boundary? a) all rocks were originally deposited horizontally c) convergent Porosity is the amount (or volume) of void in a rock compared to the total amount of the rock. b) mountain belt or island arc d) deep trenches, A divergent plate boundary is most likely associated with a(n): d) all of the above e) a rock formed from a coral reef, which of the following is not involved in turning some sediments into sedimentary rock? c) glaciers depress the land surface which pulls sea level down with it d) all the rocks were deposited with the oldest on the bottom, Mid-ocean ridges are higher than surrounding oceanic crust primarily because: a) mudflows e) none of these, d) are composed of lava flows, pyroclastic material, and mudflows, The most dangerous type of volcano is a: c) the surface area increase as the rock is fractured b) crystals of salt and other minerals that exert outward force on fractures So, for a given specific discharge, a low porosity gives a much higher speed of flow; this is because the same amount of flow has to go through a much smaller porous area. a) the tendency of the continents on a spinning globe to be thrown outward pressure causes water to rise on its own, an imaginary surface that defines the level to which water in a confined aquifer would rise were it completely pierced with wells, pressure surface is below ground level . Darcy's Law 5. C. This dissolution widens cracks into caves or caverns. Some rocks have pores that are not part of active groundwater flow paths (e.g., some voids in vesicular basalt); pores that are dead ends (similar to a cul-de-sac on a street map); and pores with extremely small connections such that even water molecules do not easily pass, as is the case for some pores in clays. Internal friction and the various paths water takes are factors affecting hydraulic conductivity. a) clockwise in the northern hemisphere The volume of water needed to saturate the sample is then divided by the sample volume to determine the effective porosity (Equation 6). e) slate, oil that reaches the surface can form: Porosity is how much water a substance can hold. b) debris flow c) seamounts 5. change flow of water which type of map or diagram would best indicate would best elevation of the land surface? c) canyons incised into bedrock e) lithosphere is thinner and hotter, rocks moving from a source area become: which of the following is a principle to interpret relative ages? b) clockwise in the southern hemisphere a) the hardness of bedrock along the coast OpenLearn works with other organisations by providing free courses and resources that support our mission of opening up educational opportunities to more people in more places. 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